The study of twist loss of rotor spun weft yarns in air jet loom and its effect on fabric properties

Abstract

The efficiency of air jet weaving machines and fabric properties are influenced by weft yarn twist and this greatly affects physical  and mechanical properties of woven fabrics. Most studies conferred the weft yarn twist affects the physical, mechanical and comfort fabric properties but they did not consider the twist loss of rotor spun weft yarn during air jet weft insertion. Fabric samples were  produced from 30tex, 37tex and 59tex rotor spun weft yarns by changing air pressure in an air jet weaving machine. Physical and  mechanical properties were investigated by using different testing equipment according to ASTM standards (ASTMD 5035-95,  ASTMD 1424-96, ASTMD 1777, ASTMD 1422-99 and ASTMD 737-04). The result shows that the weft yarns have significance twist loss at 95% confidence level and twist loss on the right side of the fabric is higher than the left side. The twist loss percentage of  weft yarns varied with weft count and air pressure, for example, the twist loss percentage of 30 tex, 37 tex, and 59 tex yarns was  6.63 %, 5.74% and 4.44% respectively with same air pressure. The twist loss of weft yarns during air jet weft insertion significantly  affects fabric thickness, tensile strength, and air permeability though other fabric property like tear strength did not show significance change.